Lifestyle

What did you eat this morning? Yesterday?

Did you eat fruits and vegetables?

Did you exercise yesterday?

What kind of exercises do you usually do?

How often do you exercise?

Do you know that eating lots of fruits and vegetables and doing regular exercise can prevent a lot of diseases?

The passage below tells you about how changing your lifestyle can lead to a better health.

Comprehensive lifestyle changes including a better diet and more exercise can lead not only to a better physique, but also to swift and dramatic changes at the genetic level, U.S. researchers said on Monday. In a small study, the researchers tracked 30 men with low-risk prostate cancer who decided against conventional medical treatment such as surgery and radiation or hormone therapy.

The men underwent three months of major lifestyle changes, including eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes and soy products, moderate exercise such as walking for half an hour a day, and an hour of daily stress management methods such as meditation. As expected, they lost weight, lowered their blood pressure and saw other health improvements. But the researchers found more profound changes when they compared prostate biopsies taken before and after the lifestyle changes. After the three months, the men had changes in activity in about 500 genes -- including 48 that were turned on and 453 genes that were turned off. The activity of disease-preventing genes increased while a number of disease-promoting genes, including those involved in prostate cancer and breast cancer, shut down, according to the study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

The research was led by Dr. Dean Ornish, head of the Preventive Medicine Research Institute in Sausalito, California, and a well-known author advocating lifestyle changes to improve health."It's an exciting finding because so often people say, 'Oh, it's all in my genes, what can I do?' Well, it turns out you may be able to do a lot," Ornish, who is also affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco, said in a telephone interview. "'In just three months, I can change hundreds of my genes simply by changing what I eat and how I live?' That's pretty exciting," Ornish said. "The implications of our study are not limited to men with prostate cancer."


The mind map below briefly summarises the passage. Click on the image for better view.

Defining and Non-defining Clauses (Description of People)

Defining Clauses

In defining relative clauses, the information given is needed to understand the sentence.

Examples:

They helped a boy who was hit by a car.
I prefer cars which are produced by Malaysian companies.

In the first example, the defining clause beginning with 'who' tells us which boy we are talking about. In the second example, the defining clause beginning with 'which' defines what kind of cars I prefer. These clauses make it clear on the person or thing we are speaking about.

Non-Defining Clauses
In non-defining relative clauses, the information does not contribute to the understanding of the sentence, but provides additional information.

More Examples:

Mr.Hafiz, who was the champion in the Akademi Fantasia reality show last year, has been invited to join our club.
The LIMA Langkawi, which is held bi-annually is an important event in our country.

In the first example, Mr Hafiz is defined (the man who has been invited to join our club). The fact that he was the champion in the Akademi Fantasia reality show last year gives us additional, but not necessary information. In the second example, the particular event is named and therefore defined, the frequency the event is held is additional information.

Accurate usage of punctuations is very important in non-defining clauses. A comma is placed before the relative pronoun and at the end of the clause.

Now, try to do the exercises by clicking on the link on the right panel to enhance your understanding on defining and non-defining clauses or here.

Hello and welcome to my english learning site,

How did I learn english? I have no idea, actually. Well, I was in the english medium school where we had to learn Science and Mathematics in english. I guess that helped..

Then, our english classes. I was fortunate enough to have excellent english teachers. The english teacher I remember most was Cikgu Yusof Ishak whom we called Ucop Panjang because of his height and lanky body structure. He was brutal. When I was in Form 2, he was our english teacher and he came to class with a long cane. Any homework undone would surely result in a sting of his cane. One of his assignments that I remember until now was the word classes; nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and articles. We had to go home and look up lists of words from each category. I went home and cried on that day because believe it or not, for some reason I didn't have the slightest idea what those terms are. And he wanted it done by the following day; first thing in the morning!!!

Till next time!
Pn Sharifah

EST-5S1

Please try to do all the exercises in the last 5 chapters. Try to answer the essay questions as well. Use the facts given in the passages to give the elaborations and additional information.

If you have any question, please post to me.

Lydia, Marcella and Azra. Post to me one point and an elaboration from an essay question. I'll give comment on it.

Pn. Sharifah

today's task

To the 4A1 students:

Go to the website on comprehension exercise by clicking on the link on your right.

Reference

You could also go to the following website. I have added a link for the short stories. Just click on the link: bottom right of this page.

tasks

Please do worksheet 4 on page 108 of the green literature book. That is on the short story "Looking for the rain god". If you do not know the answer, please refer to Amirul Azhar's group. Answer the questions in your literature exercise book.